Glossary term · Treatment
Total knee replacement (also: TKR, Knee arthroplasty, Knee joint replacement): Total knee replacement is surgery that replaces the worn surfaces of the knee joint with metal and plastic components to relieve pain and improve movement.
Total knee replacement is surgery to replace a damaged knee joint with an artificial joint, or prosthesis. MedlinePlus says it is mainly done to relieve severe arthritis pain that disrupts sleep or daily life when other treatments have not helped. Damaged cartilage and bone are removed and new metal and plastic parts are fixed in place.
What parts are replaced?
- The end of the thigh bone (femur) receives a part usually made of metal.
- The top of the shin bone (tibia) receives a metal and strong plastic part.
- The back of the kneecap may receive a plastic piece.
MedlinePlus says the parts are attached with bone cement or screws. The operation is done under general or spinal or epidural anaesthesia.
Who is it usually for?
MedlinePlus says it is most often done in people aged 60 and over, because younger patients may wear out the artificial knee sooner. Your orthopaedic surgeon decides whether you are suitable, based on symptoms, examination and X-rays.
What does recovery involve?
MedlinePlus says you will be asked to start moving and walking as soon as the day of surgery. Before surgery you may practise with a cane, walker or crutches. Some people spend time in a rehabilitation centre before going home. It also notes that smoking slows wound and bone healing.
What should you plan for a trip to India?
- Send recent standing X-rays of both knees for the surgeon to review.
- Ask whether one or both knees will be operated on, and how that changes the plan.
- Plan an attendant and a ground-floor or lift-access stay after discharge.
- Book physiotherapy near home before you travel.
- Ask the surgeon to confirm in writing when you can fly and how to reduce clot risk on the journey.
Questions people ask
Should I have both knees done on one trip?
Some surgeons offer both knees in one operation or one trip. Others stage them. It depends on your health and the surgeon’s judgement. Ask about the effect on rehabilitation, your attendant’s role and your stay in India.
Will I set off airport metal detectors?
Metal implants can trigger detectors. Carry your discharge summary or an implant card describing the knee replacement to show security staff if asked.
Sources
General information, not medical or legal advice. Rules change: confirm with the official source. Your treating specialist decides on suitability, treatment and length of stay. How we write and check.